Colorectal cancer is a significant health concern that affects thousands of individuals each year. Early detection and intervention can dramatically improve patients’ outcomes. This article explores the crucial roles of screening and surgery in colorectal cancer care, particularly emphasizing the expertise of a colorectal surgeon in Glendale.
Understanding Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal cancer originates in the colon or rectum and is one of the most prevalent forms of cancer. It typically begins as small growths called polyps, which can become cancerous over time. Risk factors include age, family history, lifestyle choices, and certain genetic conditions. Understanding these factors is essential for effective prevention and treatment.
Importance of Screening
Screening for colorectal cancer is vital for early detection and prevention. Regular screenings can identify precancerous polyps or cancer in its early stages when treatment is most effective. The following are some commonly used screening methods:
1. Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is the gold standard for colorectal cancer screening. During this procedure, a colorectal doctor in Glendale examines the inner lining of the colon and rectum using a flexible tube with a camera. This method allows for the detection and removal of polyps during the same procedure, reducing the risk of cancer developing.
2. Flexible Sigmoidoscopy
This procedure is similar to a colonoscopy but focuses on the rectum and lower part of the colon. A flexible sigmoidoscopy is less invasive and may be recommended for individuals at average risk who are not ready for a full colonoscopy.
3. Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT)
The FIT test is a non-invasive stool test that checks for hidden blood, a potential indicator of cancer. It is typically recommended annually and can be a good option for those who may not be ready for more invasive procedures.
4. CT Colonography
Also known as virtual colonoscopy, this imaging test uses CT scans to create a detailed view of the colon. While it can detect polyps and cancers, it does not allow immediate removal or biopsy.
Who Should Get Screened?
The American Cancer Society recommends that individuals at average risk begin screening at age 45. Those with a family history of colorectal cancer or other risk factors may need to start screening earlier. Consulting a colorectal surgeon in Glendale can help determine the appropriate screening schedule based on personal risk factors.
The Role of a Colorectal Surgeon in Glendale
A colorectal surgeon is specialized in diagnosing and treating conditions of the colon, rectum, and anus. They are crucial in screening, guiding patients through the various testing options, and interpreting results. If cancer is diagnosed, a colorectal doctor in Glendale can discuss treatment options, which may include surgery.
Surgical Options for Colorectal Cancer
Surgery is often the primary treatment for colorectal cancer, especially if detected in its early stages. The following surgical procedures are commonly performed:
1. Polypectomy
If a colonoscopy reveals polyps, they can often be removed during the procedure. This minimally invasive approach helps prevent cancer from developing.
2. Partial Colectomy
In cases where cancer is localized, a partial colectomy may be performed. This involves removing the section of the colon containing the tumor along with a margin of healthy tissue.
3. Total Colectomy
For more advanced cancer, a total colectomy may be necessary, where the entire colon is removed. This procedure can be more complex and may require the creation of an ostomy, where waste is diverted into a bag outside the body.
4. Laparoscopic Surgery
Laparoscopic techniques allow for smaller incisions and quicker recovery times. Many colorectal surgeries can be performed laparoscopically, offering benefits such as reduced pain and shorter hospital stays.
Recovery and Aftercare
Post-surgery recovery varies depending on the type of procedure performed. Generally, patients can expect:
- Hospital Stay: Most patients remain hospitalized for monitoring for a few days post-surgery.
- Pain Management: Pain relief is essential to recovery, with medications prescribed as needed.
- Dietary Changes: A gradual return to a regular diet is recommended, starting with clear liquids and gradually introducing solid foods.
- Follow-Up Care: Regular follow-ups with a colorectal doctor in Glendale are crucial for monitoring recovery and detecting any cancer recurrence.
FAQs
- At what age should screening for colorectal cancer begin?
Screening is recommended to start at age 45 for individuals at average risk.
- What are the common symptoms of colorectal cancer?
Symptoms may include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal discomfort, and unexplained weight loss.
- How often should one undergo screening after the initial test?
The screening frequency depends on the test type performed and individual risk factors. If no polyps are found, colonoscopies are generally recommended every 10 years.
- Is surgery always necessary if cancer is detected?
Only sometimes. The need for surgery depends on the stage and location of the cancer, as well as individual health factors.
- Can colorectal cancer be prevented?
While not all cases can be prevented, regular screenings, a healthy diet, and lifestyle choices can significantly reduce the risk.
Conclusion
Screening and surgery are essential components of colorectal cancer care. Early detection through screening can significantly improve outcomes, and skilled surgeons play a vital role in the treatment process. Consulting with Dr. Armen Gregorian, MD, a leading colorectal surgeon in Glendale, ensures patients receive comprehensive care tailored to their specific needs. With proper screening and surgical intervention, the chances of successfully managing colorectal cancer increase dramatically, providing patients with hope and a path to recovery.